Free Watch & Clock Books (.pdfs) Watch/Clock Maker's Handbook 1896 Clock/Watch Maker's Manual 1877 Clock & Watch Making 1832 Clock-Jobber's Book Hasluck 1889 Harrison's Time-Keeper 1767 The Tower Clock 1903 Lessons in Horology 1905 Watch-Work Past & Present 1873 Clock/Watch Makers history 1894 Time & Time-Tellers history 1875 Time Telling history 1919 American Watch Waltham ad 1900   Free Online Diamond Books The Diamond 1911 Diamonds 1909 To the Cape for Diamonds 1873 Diamonds & Precious Stones 1876 Diamonds & Precious Stones 1873 Diamonds & Precious Stones1815 Diamonds & Pearls 1871 Diamond Fields of South Africa 1872 Diamonds & Gold in South Africa 1893 Diamonds & Gold of South Africa 1888 Diamonds, Coal & Gold of India 1881   Free Online Gem Books The Gem-Cutter's Craft 1906 Lore of Precious Stones Kunz 1913 Gems of California Kunz 1905 Chemistry of Precious Stones 1911 Natural History of Gems 1867 Precious Stones & Gems 1898 Precious Stones 1903 Hand-Book of Precious Stones 1889 Precious Stones 1908 Book of Precious Stones 1918 Gems of Classical Times 1891   Free Online Pearl Books The Pearl Pearls 1913 Pearls & Pearling 1913   Free Online Gold & Silver Books The World's Gold 1908 The Story of Gold Gold 1908 Prospecting for Gold & Silver 1896 Glamour of Prospecting 1920 Manual of Mining Tools 1871 Gold Mining in W. Australia 1903 Gold Mining & Assaying 1852 Mining of Gold & Silver 1867 Stamping of Gold Bullion 1913 Gold Milling 1901 Handbook of Gold Milling 1902 Stamp Milling of Gold 1897 Metallurgy of Gold 1906 Metallurgy of Gold 1900 Metallurgy of Silver, Gold... 1890 Text-Book of Minerology 1922   Free Online Jewelry Books Jewelry & Precious Stones 1856 Jewellry 1905 Jewellry 1908 Jewelry Making & Design Online Book Search Engines

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Amazon - eBay See also: Ladies Clothing - Lingerie Cosmetics - Men's Clothing Classic Gem Articles: Rubies, Sapphires, Emeralds 1895 Semi-Precious Stones 1896 Gem Cutting & Polishing 1896 Where Gems are Found 1904 Classic Diamond Articles: On Diamond Cutting 1867 De Beers Diamond Mine 1888 Diamond Cutting Industry-Art 1895 Cutting the Cullinan Diamond 1908 Classic Pearl Articles: Bahrein Pearl Trade 1914 Classic Watch Articles: Making Watches in Waltham 1867 Current Specials:

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TIME Magazine, February 12, 1951, p. 80: BUSINESS & FINANCE: GOLD & DIAMONDS: Passing the Scepter     From a massive, block-long building in Johannesburg last week came a discreet announcement that set the trading marts of the world buzzing. Sir Ernest Oppenheimer, the world's king of diamonds and its prime minister of gold, was giving up a bit of his vast suzerainity. At 70, he relinquished directorships in seven of his 30-odd gold-mining companies--a step towards turning over his empire to his son and spit & image, 41-year-old Harry Oppenheimer.     This did not mean that Sir Ernest, last and greatest of South Africa's great "Randlords," was going to take things much easier. In his three-story citadel he would still work his usual 16 hours a day, still sit firmly in thc chairmanship of his Anglo American Corp. of South Africa, Ltd., the master holding company through which he has built an economic pyramid of more than 200 companies worth more than $2.5 billion. They control 15% of the Transvaal's gold production, 43% of its coal, 50% of its explosives, 9% of the world's copper, and a bewildering hodgepodge of enterprises ranging from breakfast foods to railways.     Acres of Diamonds. As chairman of De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., a syndicate of seven companies, Sir Ernest also controls 95% of the world's supply of diamonds, and sees to it that the supply is always less than the demand. As always, war and inflation are now swelling the demand for diamonds, and Sir Ernest's cartel has opened up two idle mines to step up production. The wholesale price of gem diamonds has risen 20% in six months, and U.S. rearmament [for the Korean War] has sent the price of industrial diamonds (vital for cutting tools) soaring 100% since Korea. Not only capitalists buy diamonds: an "unknown buyer" thought to be the Soviet Union has suddenly started buying all it can in the Belgian markets, presumably to build its own stockpile for machine tools for war.     Sir Ernest, who has one of the world's prize collections of rare diamonds, started learning about stones at 16. The son of a middle-class Jewish family in Friedberg, Germany, he went to London to learn the diamond-cutting trade, was sent to South Africa at 22 to look after his London employer's diamond properties. The year was 1902, when Cecil Rhodes, who had formed the De Beers combine out of hundreds of small claims, died murmuring: "So little done, so much to do." Oppenheimer was just the man to do it. He stayed in Kimberley and went into mining on his own.     Shrewd, eager and personable, he was enough of a success by 1912 to be elected Kimberley's mayor at 32 (he was twice re-elected, later went to Parliament). In 1917 he teamed up with an American engineer, William Lincoln Honnold, and, with backing from J. P. Morgan and others, formed Anglo American. While everybody else swarmed to the Central Rand, Oppenheimer tried his luck in the Far East Rand and struck it rich, did it again 100 miles away where nobody thought there was any gold.     At the end of World War I, Sir Ernest got a five-year exclusive sales contract covering the rich diamond fields of Germany's former colony in South-West Africa. He used this tremendous lever to pry his way into the clam-tight De Beers syndicate. In 1929, after secretly buying up 20% of De Beer's shares, he took over the syndicate. It keeps tight control of diamonds by persuading any who find new fields to join the syndicate and reap the benefits its controlled prices.     New Bonanza. Sir Ernest's biggest interest now is not diamonds, but gold, from which Anglo American last year made £11 million ($30.8 million) profit. His Anglo American is the biggest single holder in the immensely rich new fields of the Orange Free State, and has put up more than half of the £200 million ($560 million) being spent to develop them. Believing that South Africa must wipe out the disgrace of its mining "kraals," where Bantu workers live like prisoners, he has led the spending of £70 million by mine operators to develop a model village to house 100,000 people at the new Free State mining center near Odendaalsrust. By July he expects to start taking gold out of his first mine there, open another shortly after. Says Sir Ernest: "This is the most extensive mining development the world has ever known."     In this new venture, Sir Ernest's right-hand man is son Harry, a deputy chairman of Anglo American. Harry, who was educated at Oxford, and captained a company of Britain's "Desert Rats" against Rommel's troops in World War II, lives with his wife and two children in a smaller villa adjoining "Brenthurst," the palatial residence of his father and stepmother outside Johannesburg. Harry likes fast cars and fast horses (he recently gave his father a prize colt, Ossian, which won Johannesburg's summer handicap the first time out). When Parliament is in session (Harry has succeeded to his father's old seat*), he drives the nearly 1,000 miles to Cape Town at breakneck speed.     Neither Sir Ernest nor his heir need fear that the prime source of the dynasty's power will ever diminish. One of the first great Randlords, old Barney Barnato, put it tersely, many years before Flapper Lorelei Lee [lead character in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes by Anita Loos (1925), played by Marilyn Monroe in the movie of the same name]: "Women are born every day, and men will always buy diamonds for women." * In the party of the late great General [Jan Christiaan] Smuts, opposed to the fanatically anti-Negro [Daniel Francois] Malan.

Diamond News

TIME Magazine, April 18, 1949, p. 92: CARRIAGE TRADE: Big Rocks     One day last week, an armored car drew up before a six-story building on Manhattan's East 51st Street. Out stepped a mail carrier clutching a brown-wrapped package. Entering the building, he plunked the package on the reception desk of Jeweler Harry Winston.     Small (5 ft.), swarthy Harry Winston, one of the leading U.S. diamond dealers, thus took possession of his biggest buy this year--the famed gem collection of Washington's onetime No. 1 hostess, the late Evalyn Walsh McLean. As usual, he had shipped it to himself by mail (postage: $159.87, including the cost of registering and insuring it).     For $1,100,000 plus, Winston got 74 brooches, necklaces, and two world-famous diamonds, the robin's-egg-sized Hope diamond* (44½ carats) and the Star of the East (100 carats). Though Winston laughed at the legend that the Hope diamond had brought only tragedy to its owners and wearers, he soon had his pressagents grinding out new embellishments on the tale (samples: Marie Antoinette, who wore it, was beheaded... Soloman Habib, Oriental diamond merchant who handled the gem, has been ill for 40 years"). Winston planned to send the collection on a nationwide tour of museums and jewelry stores, then sell it.     Front Man. For almost 37 years, ever since he went to work in his father's Los Angeles jewelry store at 16, Harry Winston has suffered from what he calls "diamonditis." At 21, with $2,000 in his pocket, he came to Manhattan to buy & sell precious stones on his own.     Self-conscious because of his youth and size, Winston hired a distinguished-looking man of 70 to go around with him as a front for his deals. Before he was 34 he had bought and sold such famous collections as Empire-Builder Collis P. Huntington's and Mining Tycoon E. J. ("Lucky") Baldwin's. He also learned that gem buying could be tricky. Once he bought $90,000 worth which he later found had been taken from Socialite Mrs. Isaac Emerson, wife of the Bromo-Seltzer king. Winston had to return the lot.     Later, he bought the Jonker diamond, recognized as the world's fourth biggest uncut stone**; and the President Vargas, third biggest, and Venezuela's smaller Libertador. He paid $2,100,000 for the three, cut them into 45 smaller stones and sold the lot for nearly $4,000,000.     By Appointment Only. A big buyer of African stones, Winston now mines diamonds in Venezuela, employs 400 cutters and polishers in Amsterdam, New York City and Puerto Rico, grosses $20 million a year... * So named for British Banker Henry Thomas Hope, who bought it in 1830 when it turned up in England after mysteriously disappearing from the French crown jewels. ** The biggest: the 3,106-carat Cullinan.